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 Just over 50 years ago, oil was discovered here in Dubai. It has helped to build this modern big city but the accounting accounts are less than one percent of the state's GDP. The city has now become a world-class tourist destination with some of the world's tallest buildings and police cars. 


So how did Dubai get so rich? One of Dubai's main sources of wealth comes from its successful marine operations. It was a small fishing town, which by the early twentieth century had become a major commercial port. Its territory, close to Iran and the entry into the Persian Gulf, attracted traders from all over the region. Today, Dubai's largest cargo port Jebel Aliis is the busiest port in the Middle East and is apparently the most valuable commodity in the United Arab Emirates. 

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The main reason for the success of the shipping center is that it is located within the Jebel Ali Free Zone, also known as Jafza. Distributed over 57 square miles, Jafzais is the largest economy in the world. It is one of more than two dozen designated specific areas in Dubai all set up by the government. These areas attract businesses with tax breaks, custom activity benefits and no external ownership restrictions, all within an advanced infrastructure managed by an independent authority, which helps simplify financial management. Within Jafza there are now several thousand companies, accounting for more than 20% of foreign investment in the UAE. The facility employs about 150,000 people, helping to generate more than $ 80 billion in trade, accounting for Dubai's 21% GDP. Major urban development has come at a cost though. The UAE has the sixth largest migrant population in the world, with immigrants making up more than 80% of the country's population. Most of those workers are made up of South Asian people who work on construction sites to earn low wages and long hours in extreme conditions, often unable to return home because their passports have been withheld. 

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But in 2017 following international criticism, the UAE Federal Council passed a new bill that gives workers 30 days paid annual leave, one day a week, medical insurance and a contract before starting work. But for Dubai's rulers and investors, these expensive workers have helped make it one of the fastest-growing cities in the world. It is important to note that while Dubai is the largest and most populous country in the UAE, the richest country is Abu Dhabi, the country's capital. It currently owns nine percent of the certified oil source. Back in the 1930s Abu Dhabi began to discover its oil-rich areas while its neighbor Daily had failed to find any. 


This happened at the same time as the decline in the pearl sector, a major source of revenue, creating a conflict between the two emirates. Tensions escalated into an armed conflict following 1947 border disputes. British intervention reduced the hostility, but it did not stop Dubai from becoming too depressed, leaving many civilians starving to death and fleeing to other parts of the gorge. It was clear that something had to change. Enter Sheikh Rashidbin Saeed Al Maktoum. Shortly after becoming Dubai's manager in 1958, he decided to continue spending on infrastructure. To do this, the Sheikh took out a large loan in addition to the income from maritime transport services.  He has spent money establishing private companies that build power lines, telephone equipment, many ports and Dubai's first airport. 


Most of the development in Dubai and throughout the Emirates is done by the British government. Relations between the two countries date back to the end of the 19th century when the UK agreed with the Sheikhs to establish the region as a protection for Britain in restoring the bargaining agreement. It is clear to see that the UK still maintains a strong business relationship with the Emirates, especially Dubai. That is London Gateway Port, a new deep-sea container, about 25 miles east of the city. It is one of the largest U.K. links between London and 90 other cities around the world and yet is owned and operated by PDP World, a Dubai-based company. It was in 1966 that the U.K. and the Dubai relationship gained more money following the discovery of the state of its first oil field. Announcing the new show, Sheikh Rashid said: The city, however, was not an honest man selling oil to prosper. Instead oil was used to fund Sheikh Rashid's existing strategy of establishing an economy around Dubai, tourism and finance. That decision now looks promising as the world expands its use of renewable energy and moves away from oil dependence.


Dubai now has the world's busiest international airport, confirming its position as a gateway to the East. But it is more than just a stop, it is also a place where millions of tourists visit. The state's vast infrastructure made this possible, but for many years it could not be used much. Now with the world's most united planet, Sheikh Rashid's multi-billion dollar gambling program seems to have paid off in response to what was once a backbone of the world's largest cities.